Operators
Mathematical Operators
| Operator | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| + | add | -- |
| - | subtract | -- |
| / | divide | -- |
| * | multiply | -- |
| ^ | exponentiate | Raises one number to the power of another, e.g. 2 ^ 2 is 4 |
| % | modulus | Returns the remainder of a number, e.g. 5 % 2 is 1 |
| MOD | modulus | Returns the remainder of a number, e.g. 5 mod 2 is 1 |
| \ | integer divide | Divides giving an integer result, e.g. 7 \ 2 is 3 |
| ++ | increment | Increments a number. Can be used before or after an assignment, e.g. a = b++ would assign the value of b to a, then increment b. a = ++b would increment b, then assign the new value to a. In both cases, b would be incremented. |
| -- | decrement | Decrements a number. Can be used before or after an assignment, e.g. a = b-- would assign the value of b to a, then decrement b. a = --b would decrement b, then assign the new value to a. In both cases, b would be decremented. |
| += | Compound add | A shorthand operator for adding to a value, e.g. a += b is equivalent to writing a = a + b |
| -= | Compound subtract | A shorthand operator for subtracting from a value, e.g. a -= b is equivalent to writing a = a - b |
| *= | Compound multiply | A shorthand operator for multiplying a value, e.g. a = b is equivalent to writing a = a b |
| /= | Compound divide | A shorthand operator for dividing a value, e.g. a /= b is equivalent to writing a = a / b |
| 0:2 | 1:2 | 2:2 |
Logical Operators
| 0:0 | 1:0 | 2:0 |
|---|---|---|
| ! | logical inversion | ! true is false |
| NOT | logical inversion | not true is false |
| AND | logical and | Returns true if both operands are true, e.g. 1 eq 1 and 2 eq 2 is true |
| && | logical and | Returns true if both operands are true, e.g. 1 == 1 && 2 == 2 is true |
| OR | logical or | Returns true if either or both operands are true, e.g. 1 eq 1 or 2 eq 3 is true |
| || | logical or | Returns true if either or both operand are true, e.g. 1 == 1 || 2 == 3 is true |
| XOR | logical exclusive or | Returns true if either operand is true, but not both, e.g. 1 == 1 XOR 2 == 3 is true, but 1 == 1 XOR 2 == 2 is false |
| 0:2 | 1:2 | 2:2 |
Comparison Operators
| 0:0 | 1:0 | 2:0 |
|---|---|---|
| EQ | equals | Returns true if operands are equal, e.g. "A" EQ "A" is true |
| == | equals | Returns true if operands are equal, e.g. "A" == "A" is true |
| === | identical | Returns true if operands are equal in value, and are of the same type, e.g. 1 === "1" is false, but 1 === 1 is true |
| NEQ | does not equal | Returns true if operands are not equal, e.g. "A" NEQ "B" is true |
| <> | does not equal | Returns true if operands are not equal, e.g. "A" <> "B" is true |
| != | does not equal | Returns true if operands are not equal, e.g. "A" != "B" is true |
| !== | is not identical | Returns true if operands are not equal or not of the same type, e.g. 1 !== "1" is true, but 1 !== 1 is false |
| GT | greater than | Returns true if the operand on the left is has a higher value than the operand on the right, e.g. 1 GT 2 is false |
| > | greater than | Returns true if the operand on the left is has a higher value than the operand on the right, e.g. 1 > 2 is false |
| LT | less than | Returns true if the operand on the left has a lower value than the operand on the right, e.g. 1 LT 2 is true |
| < | less than | Returns true if the operand on the left has a lower value than the operand on the right, e.g. 1 < 2 is true |
| GTE | greater than or equal to | Returns true if the operand on the left has a value higher than or equal to the operand on the right, e.g. 2 GTE 2 is true |
| >= | greater than or equal to | Returns true if the operand on the left has a value higher than or equal to the operand on the right, e.g. 2 >= 2 is true |
| LTE | less than or equal to | Returns true if the operand on the left has a value lower than or equal to the operand on the right, e.g. 2 LTE 2 is true |
| <= | less than or equal to | Returns true if the operand on the left has a value lower than or equal to the operand on the right, e.g. 2 <= 2 is true |
| CONTAINS | contains | Returns true if the left operand contains the right operand, e.g. "SMILES" CONTAINS "MILE" is true |
| CT | contains | Returns true if the left operand contains the right operand, e.g. "SMILES" CT "MILE" is true |
| DOES NOT CONTAIN | does not contain | Returns true if the left operand does not contain the right operand, e.g. "SMILES" DOES NOT CONTAIN "RHUBARB" is true |
| NCT | does not contain | Returns true if the left operand does not contain the right operand, e.g. "SMILES" NCT "RHUBARB" is true |
| 0:2 | 1:2 | 2:2 |
String Operators
| 0:0 | 1:0 | 2:0 |
|---|---|---|
| & | concatenation | Joins two strings, e.g. The result of "Hello" & "World" is "HelloWorld" |
| &= | compound concatenation | A shorthand operator that joins two strings, e.g. a &= b would be equivalent to writing a = a & b |
| 0:2 | 1:2 | 2:2 |
Ternary operator
The ternary operator lets you return results conditionally, in a very compact amount of code:
condition ? value1 : value2
This would return value1 if condition is true, otherwise it would return false. It's comparable to the following logical structure:
<cfif condition>
#value1#
<cfelse>
#value2#
</cfif>
or the function:
iif(condition, "value1", "value2")
For example:
animal = "cat";
writeOutput(animal == "cat"? "Meow" : "Woof");
would output "Meow".
Operators not available in tags
You can use <> > < >= and <= in=""
Casting
Note that in Lucee values are cast to an appropriate type automatically, except when using the identical operators === and !==
For example:
<cfset a = "2">
<cfset b = a ^ 2>
Null-coalescing operator
Will return the first value if not null, otherwise returns the second value
result = firstValue ?: secondValue